HAAD/PROMETRICS/DHA/SNB/NCLEX QUESTIONS IN MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING

COMMON HAAD/PROMETRICS/DHA/SNB/NCLEX  QUESTIONS IN MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING

1. What is lost by the myocardium of the heart that leads to CHF?
CONTRACTILE POWER
2. Shotrness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, paroxysmal nocturnal dysnea, orthopnea, cough, fatigue,
tachycardia, insomnia, restless, gallop are signs of?
LEFT SIDED HEART FAILURE
3. Distended neck veins (jugular veins}, liver congestion, ascites, pleural effusion, anorexia, nausea ,
nocturia pedal or ankle edemas are signs of ?
RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE
4. Procedure to evaluate heart size show lung fields?
CHEST X-RAY
5. Procedure to establish pHl of the blood, PO2, PCO2, blood levels?
ABG
6. Why is physical and emotional rest ordered for the patient?
DECREASE HEART WORKLOAD
7. Abnormal heart sounds noted in CHF?
M URMUR, GALLOP
8. Digoxin, Lanoxin, digitoxin, quabain lanatoside, cedilanid, acylanid, and gitalgin are under the group of?
DIGITALIS
9. What is the major action of digitalis in CHF?
INCREASE HEART CONTRACTILITY
10. What is the action of digitalis in relation to control of HR?
LOWERS IT TO NORMAL
11. Vital sign to be checked before repeating the dose of digitalis?
HEART RATE
12. What happen to cardiac output in the use of digitalis?
INCREASED
13. Electrolyte imbalance that contribute to digitalis toxicity?
HYPOKALEMIA
14. Nutrients needed to prevent digitalis toxicity?
POTASSIUM
15. Definition of cardiac output?
STROKE VOLUME X HR / MINUTE
16. Normal cardiac output per minute?
5 – 6 LITERS
17. What is the usual 1st sign of digitalis toxicity?
N. A. U. D., YELLOW VISION
18. Antidote to digitalis toxicity?
DIGIBIND, IMMUNE FAB
19. Major danger or major sign of digitalis toxicity?
HEART BLOCK, BRADYCARDIA
20. Major clinical response of patient to digitalis effect?
IMPROVED RESPIRATION
21. Normal potassium level of the blood?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
22. Fruits that are rich in potassium?
ORANGES, BANANAS, GRAPE FRUITS
23. Acceptable lanoxin blood level to prevent toxicity?
0.5-2 mEq/L
24. Best position in bed for patientc with CHF?
FOWLERS
25. What is orthopnea?
SITTING NORMAL BREATHING, LYING DOWN LEADS TO ORTHOPNEA
26. W hat is chyne-stokes Respiration?
GRADUAL SLOW THEN INCREASED RESPIRATION THEN APNEA
27. Laxis, Bumex, Edecrine are under what group of diuretics?
LOOP DIURETICS
28. What is the action of diuretics in CHF?
DECREASE CIRCULATING FLUID
29. Best time to give diuretics?
DAYTIME
30. What to check to determine if edema is being controlled or not?
WEIGHT, I-O
31. Aside from color, what to do on the skin to check for edema?
LIFT A FOLD OF SKIN
32. Lifting a fold of the skin will establish what?
TURGOR
33. Nutrient limited in the patient’s diet to prevent further water retention?
SODIUM (Na+)
34. Why frequent small feeding in CHF?
TO REST PATIENT’S HEART
35. Electrolyte to augment or increase while on lasix therapy?
POTASSIUM
36. Too much diuretic could lead to what?
FLUID-ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE
37. Why are lasix and aldactine spironolactone are given at the same time?
RETAIN POTASSUIM
38. Why hypokalemia leads to digitalis toxicity?
HEART STREGNTH WAS LOST
39. What is average sodium level of the blood?
138-145 mEq/L
40. Malaise, fatigue, weakness, flabby muscle, flat T-wave, constipation are signs of what electrolyte
imbalance?
HYPOKALEMIA
41. Giddness, abdominal cramps, pallor, cold skin, and hypotension are s/s of what electrolyte imbalance
HYPERNATREMIA
42. The major cat-ion on the ECF?
POTASSIUM
43. The major cat-ion in the ICF?
SODIUM
44. Hormone that controls Na+ and K+ levels of the blood?
ALDOSTERONE
45. Allows periodic drug administration without increasing excessive fluid intake?
HEPARIN LOCK
46. Aldactone, spironolactone, dyrenium, mydamor, amoloride, modiuretic are group under what
diuretics?
POTASIUM-SPARING
47. In relation to #46, what electrolyte should not be supplemented already?
POTASSIUM
48. Turning, deep breathing, coughing will prevent what lung problems of bedridden patients?
PNEUMONIA
49. Turning every 1-2 hours, back massage, straightening the linens, egg crate mattress, sheep skin, will prevent what?
DECUBITUS (BEDSORE)
50. Exercising patient’s leg, elevation, used of jobst stocking will prevent what?
THROMBOPHLEBITIS
51. Electrolyte or nutrient limited in bedridden patients to prevent urolithiasis?
CALCIUM
52. Positive Homan’s sign, pain in the leg, redness, swelling and edema, pulse still palpable are s/s of?
THROMBOPHLEBITIS
53. Cough, dyspnea, fever, chest pain, tachypnea are s/s of?
PNEUMONIA
54. Patient said, “what is CHF” your best response is?
“WHAT DO YOU WANT TO KNOW ABOUT CHF?”
55. Patient said, “Am I going to die?” your best response is?
“WHAT MADE YOU TO SAY THAT?”
56. For restlessness, Insomnia, this drug could be given in small amount to prevent respiratory depression?
VALIUM
57. How to take oral potassium preparation?
WITH MILK WATER
58. Procedure that measures venous return, right atrium pressure of the heart?
CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE
59. Instrument that measures pulmonary artery pressure, PCWP- pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and left ventricular pressure?
SWAN-GANZ CATHETER
60. Normal CVP reading?
5-10 CM, H2O
61. Sign that CVP line is patient?
WATER FLUCTUATION IN THE MANOMETER
62. Where to place 0 level of the manometer before reading?
MIDAXILLARY
63. CVP line tip is usually placed where?
RIGHT ATRIUM
64. Turn back stopcock so that IV Fluid flows to manometer (20-25 cm level), then turn stopcock so that solution from manometer flows into patient and observe what?
OSCILLATION, FLUCTUATION
65. What type of aseptic technique is used in CVP line care?
STERILE, SURGICAL
66. The most common sites of CVP line insertion are the subclavian, internal and external jugular, median basilic, position of the patient during insertion?
TRENDELENBURG TO PREVENT EMBOLISM
67. The pacemaker of the heart?
SA NODE
68. The part of the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) that increase the heart rate?
SNS
69. The part of the ANS that lowers the heart rate?
PSNS
70. Common neurotransmitter that increases the heart rate?
EPINEPHRINE
71. Common neurotransmitter that lowers the heart rate to normal level?
NOREPINEPHRINE
72. Cranial nerve that influence the HR?
VAGUS NERVE
73. The time of impulse that travels to SA node to AV node?
PR INTERVAL
74. It records the electrical activity of the heart?
ECG / EKG
75. When PR interval is delayed more than 0-20 seconds, this is what type of heart block?
1st DEGREE
76. When no impulse could pass thru AV node, atria and ventricles are not working rhythmically this is?
3rd DEGREE
77. When some impulses from SA node cannot pass thru AV node, this is?
2nd DEGREE
78. ATSO4, isuprel-isoproterenol, what does it do to heart rate?
INCREASES
79. No BP, no PR, no RR, patient is unconscious or comatose, this is?
CARDIAC ARREST, ASYSTOLE
80. Artificial way to return the electrical activity of the heart?
PACEMAKER
81. Vital sign is regularly checked when patient is wearing a pacemaker?
PULSE RATE
82. T- wave Inversion and ST wave elevation are ECG changes of?
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
83. ST wave depression is ECG wave noted in?
ANGINA PECTORIS
84. Flat T-wave is usually what electrolyte imbalance?
HYPOKALEMIA
85. Peaked T- wave is what electrolyte imbalance?
HYPERKALEMIA
86. ST segment is lengthened by what electrolyte imbalance?
HYPERCALCEMIA
87. Shorten ST segment is noted in what imbalance?
HYPOCALCEMIA
88. When HR is below 60 per minute, It is called?
BRADYCARDIA
89. When HR exceeds above 100 per min, it is called?
TACHYCARDIA
90. Dizziness, lightheadedness, chest pain, shortness of breath are signs of?
PACEMAKER MALFUNCTION
91. To shave, a patient with pacemaker should use?
PLAIN BLADE
92. Appropriate distance of patient from a microwave oven?
3-5 FEET
93. Pacemaker that works only when the heart rate goes down below a certain level?
DEMAND
94. Pacemaker that delivers an electrical stimulus at a preset constant rate that is dependent of the
patient’s own rhythm?
FIXED
95. Most common site of placement of pacemaker electrode?
RIGHT VENTRICLE
96. Tetralogy of fallot, tricuspid atresia, dextroposition of great vessels (Aorta, Pulmonary artery) are
under?
CONGENITAL CYANOTIC
97. PDA, patent foramen ovale, VSD, aortic, pulmonic valve stenosis, coartion of the aorta are under?
CONGENITAL ACYANOTIC
98. FHT is very audible with the stethoscope at the age of?
5 MONTHS
99. A rapid forceful or irregular heart beat felt by the patient?
PALPITATION
100. Exercise, fever, anemia, early shock, thyroid T3 T4 excess, ATSo4, isuprel, anxiety will do what to the heart rate?
INCREASED